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German

GRAMMAR BLAST

Formation of the Passive:

AKTIV: ,,Der Sturm hat das Haus zerstoert" (the storm destroyed the house)
PASSIV (keiner Agent): ,,Das Haus ist zerstoert worden" (the house was destoryed)
PASSIV (mit Agent): ,,Das Haus ist von den Sturm zerstoert worden (the house was destroyed by the storm)
,,FALSCH PASSIV" (praediktiv Adjektiv): ,,Das Haus ist / war zerstoert" (the building is / was destroyed)

HOW DOES ON CONVERT AN ACTIVE SENTENCE INTO THE PASSIVE?

Sarah gab mir einem Geschenk (imperfekt aktiv)
Ich wurde von Sarah einem Geschenk gegeben (imperfekt passiv)

1) Switch the subject and the direct object
 - the direct object becomes the subject so changes from accusative to nominative
 - the subject becomes the agent (von + dat - action performed by human / animal | durch + acc - otherwise)
2) Add the correct form of werden
 - look at tense of the sentence as well as the sing. / plu. status of the original subject
3) Change the verb to its past participle and send it to the end of the sentence

HOW DOES THE PASSIVE CHANGE DEPENDING ON TENSES?

Present: werden (appropriate form) + past participle
 - Die Ausstellung wird eroeffnet (sing.)
 - Meine Eltern werden von mir geaergert (plu.)
Imperfect: wurden (appropriate form) + past participle
 - Die Ausstellung wurde eroeffnet
 - Meine Eltern wurden von mir geaergert
Perfect: sein (appropriate form) + past participle + worden
 - Die Ausstellung ist eroeffnet worden
 - Meine Eltern sind von mir geargert worden
Pluperfect: waren (appropriate form) + past participle + worden
 - Die Ausstellung war eroeffnet worden
 - Meine Eltern waren von mir geaergert worden
Future: werden (appropriate form) + past participle + werden
 - Die Ausstellung wird eroeffnet werden
 - Meine Eltern werden von mir geaergert werden
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